Process and device for treating fuel air mixtures for internal combustion engines



May 19, 1931. J. GRIVIN 1,805,472

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR TREATING FUEL AIR MIXTURES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES v Filed Dec. 1. 1927 2 She'ets-Sheet 1 L fi A /nven0r: i 67 JOHANN dew/N alg J. GRlVlN 1,805,472 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR TREATING FUEL AIR MIXTURES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 1, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 19, 1931.

Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE i 1 racer/'2;

JoHAnN- Gmvnnor Ride, LATVIA rnocnss AND DEVICE ron TREATING FUEL Air. MIXTURES FOR INTERNAL I .coMBusrIon nnernns Application filed-December 1, 1927, SerialNO. 237,094,?1116. in Latvia December 4, 1926.

The invention relates to a process and device for treating fuel-air-mixtures for in heated by the exhaust-gases of the engine and cold secondary fresh air adjustably admitted to the same for the purpose of condensing said mixture in such a manner that a uni form vaporous fog is produced. The highly a superheated gases are hereafter passed together with the fresh air through a miningcen trifugal and finally supplied'to the cylinders. -The presentprocess offers the extraordinary advantage, that even difiic'ultly combustible fuels, as for instance heavyoils, petroleum and alcohol can readily be used without any special preliminary treatment and a considerable saving is likewise obtained under employment of benzene.

A particular advantage of the present process consists in the extraordinary elastic working of the engines, without the slightest knocking. For carrying the process into effect, a device is installed between the carburettor and the engine and in said device the gases are first passed through afilter in form of a centrifugal. The heavy not gasified particles are thrown by said centrifugal. into an annular space, in which they are evaporated by being highlyheated. A heat interchangingapparatus is disposed above thecentrifugal, through which the exhaustgases of the motor are passed separately from-the fuel-air-mixture. V

Tongues are provided above the said heat secondaryfresh air is admitted. The secondary fresh air is mixed by a whirl with'the highly superheated fuel-air-mixture and thereupon admitted to the engine.

In the accompanying drawings a device according to the invention is illustrated by way of example.

Fig. 1 illustrates the apparatus in a verti cal longitudinal section.

Fig. 2 is'a plan-view, a longitudinal section and a bottom-view of the centrifugal.

-F1g43 shows a cross-sect1on of two modes of constructlonof the,heat nterchanging apparatus. a

F ig. 4 is a plan-view ofa ring with ins wardly directed tongues, by means of which the fresl air is supplied to the highly superheated fuel-air-miXture. V

Fig. 5 showsa plan view and a longitudi nal section of the centrifugal for mixing the secondary freshjair withthe original fuel air-mixture, I I V Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section. through. the-regulating-device for the secondary fresh an:

The body a of the device, carries three rotatable rings 7), 0, (Z, forming together with the main body a three annular'air-spaces e, f, g. These rlngs are preferably arranged rotatable towards. each other to. facilitate fitting of the 7 different connecting-pipes, supported by these rings. A by-pass-line zfor the exhaust-" 1 gases passing the pipe 2 is connected with the rings 6 andc. The'ring (Z carries the supply'forthe, secondary'fresh air. Y Inside ofithe casing a, a'shaft y' is supported by bea r- ;ings of-thering-nuts h upon the lower end of which a centrifugal wheel 1 and. 2) 1s mounted,.-wh1ch has aiconlcal ring-k5 center of said'wheel 7s. An inverted conicalring 7s is provided above the wheelie. This shaft j passes through the central ope'ning disposed below it fordirecting the fuelair nixturecoming 'fromthe carburetor to the of the heat interchanging apparatus (Fig.3). The upwards projecting end of theshaft j, carries the turbine wheel Z, illustrated in Fig. The end of the shaft is, held I in position by hearing 2'. interchanging apparatus by means of which This ring 0 carries inwardly directed tongues, j

provided with several lateral directed bores, as shown in Fig. 1. These tongues of the ring 0 are hollow, serving as inlet-openings for the fresh air from the ring-chamber (Z to the fuel-air-mixture current. The secondary fresh air is admitted by an adjustable valve u, 1:, w, w, y. This valve can be designed according to Fig. 1 or 6.

The above described apparatus is composed in such a manner, that the pipe connections of the rings 6 and f are connected with a bypassline of the exhaust-gases, while the fresh air is admitted to the chamber of the ring (l by th pipe-elbow 'r.

The mode of action of the apparatus is as follows: The fuel-air-mix'ure coming from the carburettor enters the casing 04 from below. passes the centrifugal Z1; the lighter, fine enough atomized fuel-particles of the fuelair-mixture penetrate the centrifugal vertically, and enter the heat interchanging apparatus m, n. The heavy fuel-particles, not sufficiently atomized, are thrown by the centrifugal through openings Q into the ringchamber p. The exhaust-gases of the engine enter the chamber of the ring 6 by way of the bypass-line and heat the fuel-volume contained in the annular chamber 2?; said fuel volume is evaporated and the escaping vapours mix again with the sufliciently atomized part of the fuel-air-mixture. The e);- haust-gases pass thereupon through the upper openings of the chamber 6 into the heat interchanging apparatus and enter through the upper openings of the annular chamber 7 the annular chamber of the ring 0 and hence into the exhaust.

The fuel-air-mixture is heated by the said heat interchanging apparatus and passes thereafter the tongues of the ring 0. Through the openings of said tongues cold secondary fresh air is admitted condensing the'fuel-air-mixture in such a manner that/a uniform vaporous fog is produced. This fog is whirled particularly by the centrifugal wheel i and admitted to the cylinders. The wheels 7.; and Z upon the shaft 7' are rotated by the current of the fuel-air-mixture.

The present arrangement enables ready starting with cold cylinders under employment of alcohol and the like, without necessi tating a special heating device or other auX I iliaries.

superheating the mixture and by adding of secondary air at atmospheric pressure cooling down the mixture until the beginning of a fog in the fuel air steam.

2. A fuel air interceptor comprising conical rings being connected to the lower and upper face of the centrifugal wheel respectively so as to direct the fuel mixture toward and away from the centre of the Wheel respectively.

3. A fuel air interceptor comprising a centrifugal Wheel, a heating chamber round the centrifugal wheel, a superheater above the centrifugal wheel, tongue-shaped secondary air inlets above the said superheater, a mitiing wheel coupled with the centrifugal wheel above the said tongue-shaped air inlets the mixing wheel being adapted to serve as a driving element to the centrifugal wheel.

In testimony whereof I have'afiixed. my

signature.

JOHANN GRIVIN. 

